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Ramgarh Cantonment (Hindi: रामगढ़ छावनी) known as Ramgarh Cantt or Ramgarh is a cantonment town in Ramgarh district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. On 12 September 2007, the new district Ramgarh was created with Ramgarh Cantonment town as the district headquarters. Ramgarh Cantonment is surrounded by coal-fields at Rajrappa, Laiyo, Ghato, Bhurkunda, Topa, Sarubera, Sirka, Urrimari, Sayal, Gidi etc. Patratu Thermal Power Station is about 30 km from Ramgarh. Damodar River flows past the town. The town spreads over a very large area on both sides of NH 33. Regimental Centres for two Indian Army Regiments, S. R. C. (Sikh Regimental Centre) and P. R. C. (Punjab Regimental Centre) are located at Ramgarh. Ramgarh Cantonment is a Category-I Cantonment. The emergence of Cantonment Boards as municipal bodies in Cantonments was basically in response to the need for maintenance of proper sanitation and health and hygiene of these areas. The scope of the Cantonment Board function extends to the entire gamut of municipal administration. In addition to providing basic amenities, the Cantonment Board also operates various social, cultural, educational and medical institutions for the residents of the area. The Cantonment Board is a policy making body. The Cantonment board consists of 16 members including 8 elected members. But the board is a varied board under Section 12 of (The Cantonments Act, 2006 ) consisting of the President, the Chief Executive Officer and one civil nominated member. == History == The word Ramgarh means "the fort of lord Ram". Mahajanapadas:In District gazetteer, Hazaribagh, Chapter IV, Page 65, it is mentioned that gigantic king Jarasandh was very powerful. Chotanagpur was in his jurisdiction probably the Chhotanagpur was under sub-ordination of Mahapadam of Magadh. Nand Ugrasen of Nagwanshi’s. Maurya Empire:It is also said that entire Chhotanagpur was under sub-ordination of Ashoka the Great (C,273 – C,232 B.C.) so that in Budha period, there was also Ramgarh. It is certified by the symbolic relies of Buddha period in the temple of Gola. Probably in 8th Centre B.C. (3) Jain Trithankar was constructed in Parasnath. It is clarified by this that in the beginning of Jainism, There is existence of Ramgarh. Gupta Empire:Again in Chapter IV of Gazetteer IV it is described that Samudragupta ( C.385-C-380 A.D.) had invader Eastern Deccan by passing through Ramgarh so that Ramgarh was Present at that time also. In the Regime of the king of Mundaraj, Mudra Munda Ramgarh was present too. This fast is corroborated by the presence of Munda tribe in Ramgarh. In Nagvanshi regime, too Ramgarh was present because Chhotanagpur was under control. Muslim Regime : - In Turk-Afghan period (1206-1526 A.D.), Jharkhand the forest country was under subordination of ruler of that time. So, Ramgarh was present in that region too. It’s clear certificate is present in District Gazetteer, Hazaribagh, Chapter IV, Page no.- 68. according to that Ramgarh regime was established in 1368. The founder King of Ramgarh regime was King Bagdeo Singh. At that time the capital of Ramgarh was in Sira. The headquarters of capital was transferred in urda, Badam and Ramgarh one by one. In 1670 the headquarters of Ramgarh regime was transferred in Ramgarh. It is mentioned in District Gazetteer, Hazaribagh, Chapter IV, Page no.- 69 in around 1740, Ramgarh was "Jungle District of Ramgarh" British Regime : – The Power of obtaining reference from Ramgarh regime was given to East India Company by King Shah Alam II. According to District Gazetteer, Page no.- 70, in 1771 Captain Comac was made Military Collector of Ramgarh District, whose headquarters was in Chatra. The military district of Ramgarh contains Nagpur, Palamoo, Hazaribagh, Chatra, Giridih and Kodarm. At that time the headquarters of Ramgarh Battalion was Hazaribagh, whose commander was a European. It is mentioned such in District Gazetteer, Hazaribagh Chapter IV, Page no.- 72. "It appears that the great social reformer and the founder of the Brahm Samaj Raja Ram Mohan Roy was in Ramgarh in1805-06. He went there with Mr. William Digby who was then acting Magistrate and Registrar of Ramgarh. Raja Ram Mohan Roy was the Sheristeder of the Collectorate and lived both at Cahtra and Ramgarh in this capacity when Mr. William Digby was transferred else here he took Ram Mohan Roy with him to his new place of work". In 1811, Ramgarh Battalion was used for suppressing the Munda Uraon and Tamad Revolt and Kol revolt. In 1837, Ramgarh was police station of British government. In 1938 new G.T. road was started and Banaras road was closed. It is worth mentioning the name of Lubia Manghi. Bainu Manjhi and Arjun Manjhi. In Sitagarh, the cropping of coffee was taking place. The name of Rupu Manjhi is famous in the first national revolt of 1957. On 8 January 1856, Sheik Bhikari and Thakur Upraon Singh were hanged on a Bunyan tree of Chhuttupalu valley. This valley is also known as lalki Ghaati and that Bunyan tree is called "Phansiyahi bore". In 1923, Srhi K.B. Sahay of Swaraj party was elected for Provincial legislative Council of Hazaribagh district (including Ramgarh) (Gazetteer, Page No. 78). During World War II, the Chinese X force was trained at Ramgarh by American instructors at British expense. Indian National Congress 53rd Session:In 1940 the 53rd Annual Session of the INC was held at Ramgarh under the presidency of Maulana Abul Qalam Azad. At the same time, under the leadership of Netajee Subhash Chandra Bose, a conference against Samjhauta was also held at Ramgarh. Storm and hurricane was on the peak. In Ramgarh, Subhsha Chandra Bose was seen as president of All India Forward Block and M.N. Roy was seen as leader of Radical Democratic Party. Entry to the original place of the INC session is presently not allowed to the public and the place is under the control of the army. The exact location of Bose's session remains controversial. Ramgarh Cantt council was structured in 1941. The history of Cantonment started with the land administration for quartering of troops. Housing was the core objective which attracted the civilian population also to reside in the Cantonment. The Bazaar area was recognized and the Cantonment clearly defined in military, bungalow and civil area. During the 1940s Chinese troops were trained at Ramgarh by an American contingent. A British Prisoner of War camp existed at Ramgarh at that time where several thousand German and Italian prisoners were housed. With the arrival of the Chinese troops, the prisoners were relocated and the infrastructure handed over for training. The first two American officers arrived at Ramgarh on 27 June 1942. The first Chinese troops arrived on 17 July 1942. Initially, the center was meant for the housing, rehabilitation, clothing, medical treatment, re-equipping and training of the Chinese units which withdrew from Burma in May 1942, unable to stop Japanese advances in the Burma campaign, forfeiting the famous Burma Road and most of Northern Burma. However, other Chinese units were brought in soon. The first course of instruction at Ramgarh commenced on 3 August 1942. On 10 June 1984, Sikh soldiers of the Sikh regimental centre at Ramgarh camp in the erstwhile Bihar state, rebelled and murdered their commander, Brig. Gen. R.S. Puri. The mutiny was sparked by an army assault the previous week on the holiest shrine of the Sikh religion, the Golden Temple in the Punjab city of Amritsar. More than 450 people were killed in the attack ordered by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. Two other senior officers and a number of soldiers were seriously wounded in heavy shooting at the camp that began before noon and continued until 4 p.m. The soldiers joined other angry Sikhs in hijacking private buses and trucks at gunpoint. They set out in at least 35 seized vehicles toward New Delhi before reinforcements from the 24th mountain regiment arrived to stop them. Sikh soldiers remaining behind at the camp raised a white flag of surrender when the reinforcements arrived. On 12 September 2007, Ramgarh became a new district taking the total count of district in state to 24. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ramgarh Cantonment」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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